【极端天气对农作物产量的影响】Corey LeskPedram Rowhani & Navin Ramankutty.Influence of extreme weather disasters on global crop production. Nature 529 84–87 (07 January 2016) doi:10.1038-nature16467

Abstract

In recent years several extreme weather disasters have partially or completely damaged regional crop production^{1 2 3 4 5}. While detailed regional accounts of the effects of extreme weather disasters exist the global scale effects of droughts floods and extreme temperature on crop production are yet to be quantified. Here we estimate for the first time to our knowledge national cereal production losses across the globe resulting from reported extreme weather disasters during 1964–2007. We show that droughts and extreme heat significantly reduced national cereal production by 9–10% whereas our analysis could not identify an effect from floods and extreme cold in the national data. Analysing the underlying processes we find that production losses due to droughts were associated with a reduction in both harvested area and yields whereas extreme heat mainly decreased cereal yields. Furthermore the results highlight ~7% greater production damage from more recent droughts and 8–11% more damage in developed countries than in developing ones. Our findings may help to guide agricultural priorities in international disaster risk reduction and adaptation efforts.

【植物生产力与物种丰富度的关系】James B. GraceT. Michael AndersonEric W. Seabloom