【植物功能多样性与生态系统碳通量】Alexandru Milcu^1* Christiane Roscher² Arthur Gessler³ Dörte Bachmann⁴ Annette Gockele⁵ Markus Guderle⁶ Damien Landais¹ Clément Piel¹ Christophe Escape¹ Sebastien Devidal¹ Olivier Ravel¹ Nina Buchmann⁴ Gerd Gleixner⁷ Anke Hildebrandt⁶ and Jacques Roy¹. Functional diversity of leaf nitrogen concentrations drives grassland carbon fluxes. Ecology LettersVolume 17Issue 4 pages 435–444 April 2014

Abstract

Little is known about the role of plant functional diversity for ecosystem-level carbon (C) fluxes. To fill this knowledge gap we translocated monoliths hosting communities with four and 16 sown species from a long-term grassland biodiversity experiment (‘The Jena Experiment’) into a controlled environment facility for ecosystem research (Ecotron). This allowed quantifying the effects of plant diversity on ecosystem C fluxes as well as three parameters of C uptake efficiency (water and nitrogen use efficiencies and apparent quantum yield). By combining data on ecosystem C fluxes with vegetation structure and functional trait-based predictors we found that increasing plant species and functional diversity led to higher gross and net ecosystem C uptake rates. Path analyses and light response curves unravelled the diversity of leaf nitrogen concentration in the canopy as a key functional predictor of C fluxes either directly or indirectly via LAI and aboveground biomass.

【气候变化与作物产量】A. J. Challinor J. Watson D. B. Lobell S. M. Howden D. R. Smith & N. Chhetri. A meta-analysis of crop yield under climate change and adaptation. Nature Climate Change (2014) doi:10.1038-nclimate2153

Abstract

Feeding a growing global population in a changing climate presents a significant challenge to society¹