【丛枝菌根真菌的生活史】Pierre-Luc Chagnon Robert L. Bradley Hafiz Maherali John N. Klironomos. A trait-based framework to understand life history of mycorrhizal fungi. Trends in Plant Science Volume 18 Issue 9 484-491 05 June 2013
Abstract
Despite the growing appreciation for the functional diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi our understanding of the causes and consequences of this diversity is still poor. In this opinion article we review published data on AM fungal functional traits and attempt to identify major axes of life history variation. We propose that a life history classification system based on the grouping of functional traits such as Grime's C-S-R (competitor stress tolerator ruderal) framework can help to explain life history diversification in AM fungi successional dynamics and the spatial structure of AM fungal assemblages. Using a common life history classification framework for both plants and AM fungi could also help in predicting probable species associations in natural communities and increase our fundamental understanding of the interaction between land plants and AM fungi.
【植物对N的吸收代谢】Philippe NacryEléonore Bouguyon Alain Gojon. Nitrogen acquisition by roots: physiological and developmental mechanisms ensuring plant adaptation to a fluctuating resource.Plant and Soil
Abstract
Background
Nitrogen (N) is one of the key mineral nutrients for plants and its availability has a major impact on their growth and development. Most often N resources are limiting and plants have evolved various strategies to modulate their root uptake capacity to compensate for both spatial and temporal changes in N availability in soil. The main N sources for terrestrial plants in soils of temperate regions are in decreasing order of abundance nitrate ammonium and amino acids. N uptake systems combine for these different N forms high- and low-affinity transporters belonging to multige families. Expression and activity of most uptake systems are regulated locally by the concentration of their substrate and by a systemic feedback control exerted by whole-plant signals of N status giving rise to a complex combinatory network. Besides modulation of the capacity of transport systems plants are also able to modulate their growth and development to maintain N homeostasis. In particular root system architecture is highly plastic and its changes can greatly impact N acquisition from soil.
Scope
In this review we aim at detailing recent advances in the identification of molecular mechanisms responsible for physiological and developmental responses of root N acquisition to changes in N availability. These mechanisms are now unravelled at an increasing rate especially in the model pl