【综述：土壤微生物群落的抵抗力和适应性】Bryan S. Griffiths Laurent Philippot. Insights into the resistance and resilience of the soil microbial community. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 2013
Abstract
Soil is increasingly under environmental pressures that alter its capacity to fulfil essential ecosystem services. To maintain these crucial soil functions it is important to know how soil microorganisms respond to disturbance or environmental change. Here we summarize the recent progress in understanding the resistance and resilience (stability) of soil microbial communities and discuss the underlying mechanisms of soil biological stability together with the factors affecting it. Biological stability is not solely owing to the structure or diversity of the microbial community but is linked to a range of other vegetation and soil properties including aggregation and substrate quality. We suggest that resistance and resilience are governed by soil physico-chemical structure through its effect on microbial community composition and physiology but that there is no general response to disturbance because stability is particular to the disturbance and soil history. Soil stability results from a combination of biotic and abiotic soil characteristics and so could provide a quantitative measure of soil health that can be translated into practice.
【温度和降水对植物生物量和土壤呼吸作用的影响】Lawrence B. Flanagan Eric J. Sharp Matthew G. Letts. Response of plant biomass and soil respiration to experimental warming and precipitation manipulation in a Northern Great Plains grassland.Agricultural and Forest MeteorologyVolume 173 15 May 2013 Pages 40–52
Abstract
The interacting effects of altered temperature and precipitation are expected to have significant consequences for ecosystem net carbon storage. Here we report the results of an experiment that evaluated the effects of elevated temperature and altered precipitation alone and in combination on plant biomass production and soil respiration rates in a northern Great Plains grassland near Lethbridge Alberta Canada. Open-top chambers and rain shelters were used to establish an experiment in 2011 with two temperature treatments (warmed and control) each combined with three precipitation treatments (minus 50% ambient (no manipulation) and plus 50%). A smaller experiment with only the two temperature treatments was conducted in 2012 a year with less rain than 2011. Our objectives were to determine the sensitivity of plant