【从土壤到植物中PFASs的浸出】Thorsten Stahl Rika Alessa Riebe Sandy Falk Klaus Failing and Hubertus Brunn.Long-Term Lysimeter Experiment To Investigate the Leaching of Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) and the Carry-over from Soil to Plants: Results of a Pilot Study.J. Agric. Food Chem. 2013 61 (8) pp 1784–1793

Abstract

To study the behavior of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in soil and the carry-over from soil to plants technical mixtures of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at a concentration of 25 mg-kg soil were applied to 1.5 m³ monolithic soil columns of a lysimeter. Growth samples and percolated water were analyzed for PFASs throughout a period of 5 years. In addition to PFOA-PFOS plant compartments and leachate were found to be contaminated with short-chain PFASs. Calculation showed significant decreasing trends (p < 0.05) for all substances tested in the growth samples. Short-chain PFASs and PFOA pass through the soil much more quickly than PFOS. Of the 360 g of PFOA and 367.5 g of PFOS applied to the soil 96.88% PFOA and 99.98% PFOS were still present in the soil plot of the lysimeter after a period of 5 years. Plants accumulated 0.001% PFOA and 0.004% PFOS. Loss from the soil plot through leachate amounted to 3.12% for PFOA and 0.013% for PFOS.

【大气颗粒物中水分的定性和定量测量】S. Canepari C. Farao E. Marconi C. Giovannelli and C. Perrino. Qualitative and quantitative determination of water in airborne particulate matter.Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013 13: 1193-1202

Abstract

This paper describes the optimization and validation of a new simple method for the quantitative determination of water in atmospheric particulate matter (PM). The analyses are performed by using a coulometric Karl-Fisher system equipped with a controlled heating device; different water contributions are separated by the application of an optimized thermal ramp (three heating steps: 50–120 °C 120–180 °C 180–250 °C).

The analytical performance of the method was verified by using standard materials containing 5.55% and 1% by weight of water. The recovery was greater than 95%; the detection limit was about 20 μg. The method was then applied to NIST Reference Materials (NIST1649a urban particulate matter) and to real PM₁₀ samples collected in different geographical areas. In all cases the repeatability was satisfactory (10–15%).

When analyzing the Reference Material the separation of four different types of water was obtained. In real PM₁₀ sampl