【生物群落移动】Andrew Berdahl Colin J. Torney  Christos C. Ioannou Jolyon J. Faria Iain D. Couzin. Emergent Sensing of Complex Environments by Mobile Animal Groups. Science 2013 339(6119): 574-576

Abstract

The capacity for groups to exhibit collective intelligence is an often-cited advantage of group living. Previous studies have shown that social organisms frequently benefit from pooling imperfect individual estimates. However in principle collective intelligence may also emerge from interactions between individuals rather than from the enhancement of personal estimates. Here we reveal that this emergent problem solving is the predominant mechanism by which a mobile animal group responds to complex environmental gradients. Robust collective sensing arises at the group level from individuals modulating their speed in response to local scalar measurements of light and through social interaction with others. This distributed sensing requires only rudimentary cognition and thus could be widespread across biological taxa in addition to being appropriate and cost-effective for robotic agents.

【自生碳酸盐和全球碳循环的历史】Daniel P. Schrag John. A. Higgins Francis A. Macdonald David T. Johnston. Authigenic Carbonate and the History of the Global Carbon Cycle. Science 2013 339(6119): 540-543

Abstract

We pre