L. Z. Liang X. Q. Zhao X. Y. Yi Z. C. Chen X. Y. Dong R. F. Chen R. F. Shen. Excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers induces soil acidification and phosphorus enrichment during vegetable production in Yangtze River Delta China.Soil Use and Management 2013 DOI: 10.1111-sum.12035

Abstract

Intensive vegetable cultivation has developed very rapidly in China and investigation of current soil nutrient problems in vegetable fields and their potential environmental risk is important for local soil nutrient management strategies. Three hundred and sixty-six soil samples were collected from greenhouse vegetable fields open vegetable fields and rice-wheat rotation fields in southern Jiangsu Province the most intensive vegetable-producing areas in Yangtze River Delta China for the analysis of their soil fertility status. Soil acidification and P enrichment were the main problems identified in this area of vegetable production with about 20 and 17% of the open and greenhouse vegetable field soils respectively being extremely acid with soil pH values below 5.0. In contrast no soils under rice-wheat rotation fields were as acidic. Percentages of sites with Olsen-P concentrations < 90 mg-kg were 61 85 and 0% for soils growing greenhouse vegetable field vegetable and rice-wheat respectively. The nitrogen (N) surplus for vegetable fields exceeded 170 kg-ha-crop and the phosphorus (P) surplus exceeded 40 kg-ha-crop. Thus current vegetable production leads to potential environmental risks of N and P pollution of nearby aquatic bodies. Insufficient supplementation with potassium fertilizers was found in some vegetable fields. Several ameliorative measures are proposed.