【Science 等】增温对土壤剖面碳通量的影响 等

【增温对土壤剖面碳通量的影响】Caitlin E. Hicks Pries C. Castanha R.C. Porras M.S. Torn. The whole-soil carbon flux in response to warming. Science  31 Mar 2017: Vol. 355 Issue 6332 pp. 1420-1423 DOI: 10.1126-science.aal1319

Abstract

Soil organic carbon harbors three times as much carbon as Earth’s atmosphere and its decomposition is a potentially large climate change feedback and major source of uncertainty in climate projections. The response of whole-soil profiles to warming has not been tested in situ. In a deep warming experiment in mineral soil we found that CO₂ production from all soil depths increased with 4°C warming; annual soil respiration increased by 34 to 37%. All depths responded to warming with similar temperature sensitivities driven by decomposition of decadal-aged carbon. Whole-soil warming reveals a larger soil respiration response than many in situ experiments (most of which only warm the surface soil) and models.

【国际食品贸易中的地下水损耗】Carole Dalin Yoshihide Wada Thomas Kastner & Michael J. Puma. Groundwater depletion embedded in international food trade. Nature 543 700–704 (30 March 2017) doi:10.1038-nature21403

Abstract

Recent hydrological modelling¹ and Earth observations^{2 3} have located and quantified alarming rates of groundwater depletion worldwide. This depletion is primarily due to water withdrawals for irrigation^{1 2}